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The collaboration between the states and the DOE's Energy Storage Research Program is proving to be an outstanding success. The selected projects show a good portfolio of advanced energy storage media: a ZnBr flow battery, the NaS battery, supercapacitors, and flywheels. The applications are equally varied: mitigation of substation congestion, grid frequency control, load management, and stabilization of a microgrid. The goal of these partnerships with the states is to demonstrate electric energy storage as a technically viable, cost-effective, and broadly applicable option for increasing the reliability of the electricity system and for electric energy management.
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Gyuk et al. (2005) studied this question.
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