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ABSTRACTIntroduction Excessive sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), but few studies have evaluated associations with added sugars from all dietary sources. We evaluated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between added sugars intake and MetS and its components in a cohort of US Hispanic/Latino adults. Additionally, we conducted a secondary analysis to evaluate whether sugar-sweetened beverages were independently associated with MetS and its components. Methods We used baseline (n=12,484) and 6.2-year follow-up (n=5,576) data from adults aged 18-74 without diabetes from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. We derived added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverage intake at baseline from two 24-hour dietary recalls using the National Cancer Institute methodology, and categorized participants using quintiles of added sugars percent/day for added sugars, or 8 fl oz servings/day for sugar-sweetened beverages. We used the National Cholesterol Education Program—Third Adult Treatment Panel definition of MetS, and MetS components. In cross-sectional analyses, we used multivariate logistic and linear regression to estimate odds ratios for binary outcomes and mean differences for continuous outcomes, respectively. In longitudinal analyses, we used Poisson regression to estimate incidence rate ratios. Results MetS prevalence was 24.8% at baseline and average added sugars was 14.4%. In the cross-sectional analysis, those in the fifth quintile of added sugars had similar odds of MetS (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.74-1.39; p-trend 0.622) compared to the lowest quintile. In the longitudinal analyses, there was no significant association between added sugars and MetS incidence in minimally or fully adjusted models (overall p-trend 0.84 and 0.93, respectively). In secondary analyses, cross-sectionally, sugar-sweetened beverage intake was significantly associated with waist circumference (p-trend 0.003), HDL cholesterol (p-trend two 8 fl oz servings/day had a 35% higher rate of reduced HDL cholesterol (IRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.79, p-trend 0.009). Conclusions Added sugars was not associated with prevalent or incident MetS among US Hispanic/Latino adults. However, findings from secondary analyses suggest that sugar-sweetened beverages may have a distinct metabolic impact, particularly on waist circumference, HDL cholesterol and fasting glucose, warranting further investigation.
Rodríguez et al. (Fri,) studied this question.