Key result
Endothelial dysfunction acts as both a primary cause and secondary consequence of hypertension across models.
Why the study?
Does endothelial dysfunction cause or result from high blood pressure in experimental rodent models of arterial hypertension?
Does endothelial dysfunction cause or result from high blood pressure in experimental rodent models of arterial hypertension?
This review clarifies that the causal relationship between endothelial dysfunction and hypertension is highly model-dependent, emphasizing the ubiquitous role of oxidative stress in preclinical models.
Model dependence in rodents leaves open endothelial dysfunction's causal role in human hypertension; hypothesis-generating for oxidative stress studies.
Hypertension is a risk factor for other cardiovascular diseases and endothelial dysfunction was found in humans as well as in various commonly employed animal experimental models of arterial hypertension. Data from the literature indicate that, in general, endothelial dysfunction would not be the cause of experimental hypertension and may rather be secondary, that is, resulting from high blood pressure (BP). The initial mechanism of endothelial dysfunction itself may be associated with a lack of endothelium-derived relaxing factors (mainly nitric oxide) and/or accentuation of various endothelium-derived constricting factors. The involvement and role of endothelium-derived factors in the development of endothelial dysfunction in individual experimental models of hypertension may vary, depending on the triggering stimulus, strain, age, and vascular bed investigated. This brief review was focused on the participation of endothelial dysfunction, individual endothelium-derived factors, and their mechanisms of action in the development of high BP in the most frequently used rodent experimental models of arterial hypertension, including nitric oxide deficient models, spontaneous (pre)hypertension, stress-induced hypertension, and selected pharmacological and diet-induced models.
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Iveta Bernátová (2014) conducted a review in Arterial Hypertension (Experimental Models). Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress was evaluated. Endothelial dysfunction can be either a primary cause or a secondary consequence of high blood pressure, depending on the specific experimental model of hypertension, strain, age, and vascular bed investigated.
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