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During the most recent three decades of conflict in Northern Ireland, the limitations of the Royal Ulster Constabulary's (RUC) policing of local working class communities has seen the parallel evolution of violent paramilitary systems of ‘punishment attacks’ and banishments. This paper explores the factors which underpin such punishments. It considers their relationship to the formal justice system and offers a critical analysis of the potential for Restorative Justice theory and practice to provide non‐violent community based alternatives to such violent punishments.
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McEvoy et al. (2001) studied this question.
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