Metaphor: A paradigm for practice-based research into 'career'

This article describes the development of a practice-based methodology for researching 'career' in constructive and critical terms. It begins by suggesting that 'career' theories, both new and old, continue to be confounded by the dualism of human agency and social structure. An argument is then presented to suggest that metaphor provides a means of understanding the reflexive relationship between human actions and social systems. Based on a synthesis of constructivist and critical theory perspectives, a detailed exposition of metaphor as a paradigm for practice-based research is then provided. The emerging methodological implications for researching 'career' are then considered and an example is given of constructive and critical research in action. The article concludes by relating the methodology to careers guidance practice.