Key result
Obesity did not influence mortality or short-term morbidities in adults undergoing congenital heart disease surgery, though renal dysfunction was higher in obese patients with complex CHD (P=0.04).
Why the study?
Does obesity influence early postoperative morbidity and mortality in adults with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical repair?
Cohort (n=165)
No
Does obesity influence early postoperative morbidity and mortality in adults with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical repair?
Obesity does not significantly impact overall short-term mortality or morbidity in adults undergoing congenital heart disease surgery, except for an increased risk of renal dysfunction in those with complex lesions.
Obesity appears neutral for most early outcomes after adult CHD surgery; hypothesis-generating for renal dysfunction in complex lesions.
BACKGROUND: As the prevalence of obesity continues to increase, it now includes the growing number of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). This particular obese patient population may pose additional intraoperative as well as postoperative challenges that may contribute to poor outcomes. Our aims were to determine the influence of obesity on morbidity and mortality in adults with CHD undergoing surgical repair at a free standing children's hospital. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of adult (≥18 years) CHD surgery cases from 2002 to 2008 was performed. Congenital heart lesions were defined as mild, moderate, or complex. Patients were categorized by body mass index (BMI): underweight (BMI < 20 kg/m(2)), normal (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)). Demographics, incidence of mortality, or specific morbidities were statistically compared using Fisher's exact test and analyses of variance (anovas). RESULTS: In this population (n = 165), overweight (29%) and obese (22%) patients were prevalent. Hypertension (HTN) and pre-HTN were more prevalent in obese and overweight patients. Postoperative renal dysfunction was observed in obese patients with complex CHD (P = .04). Mortality was not different among groups. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is becoming increasingly common among adults with CHD. Despite marginal evidence of postoperative renal complications in obese patients with CHD of severe complexity, the overall presence of obesity did not influence mortality or short term postoperative morbidities.
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Zaidi et al. (2011) conducted a cohort in Congenital heart disease (n=165). Obesity vs. Non-obese patients was evaluated on Morbidity and mortality. Obesity did not influence mortality or short-term morbidities in adults undergoing congenital heart disease surgery, though renal dysfunction was higher in obese patients with complex CHD (P=0.04).
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