An anatomy of Turkish–Russian Relations

Turkish–Russian relations have been long characterized by geopolitical rivalry. Yet, in recent years, the bilateral relationship between Turkey and Russian Federation has been widening and deepening across areas ranging from political relations to the economic and cultural issues. Turkish–Russian relations also have an impact on the Black Sea, the Caucasus, Central Asia and now, increasingly, the Middle East. This article assesses the different aspects of the Turkish–Russian relationship, particularly during the early years of the 21st century. It provides an account of what the most recent trends and developments are, from both domestic and foreign policy perspectives. Current dynamics of Turkish–Russian relations are examined, along with the impact these relations may have on the geopolitics at the crossroads of Europe and Asia.