Key result
Essential hypertension was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of endothelial dysfunction compared to healthy controls (30% vs 0%, p=0.004).
Why the study?
Is endothelial dysfunction more prevalent in patients with essential hypertension compared to healthy controls, and does it correlate with microalbuminuria and other risk factors?
Case-Control (n=70)
No
Is endothelial dysfunction more prevalent in patients with essential hypertension compared to healthy controls, and does it correlate with microalbuminuria and other risk factors?
Endothelial dysfunction assessed by flow-mediated dilation is prevalent in essential hypertension and correlates with lipid profile rather than microalbuminuria or hypertension duration.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Should not yet change hypertension practice; leaves open endothelial dysfunction's prognostic value and therapeutic targeting.
BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in atherosclerosis and is known to appear long before the formation of structural atherosclerotic changes. Assessment of endothelial function, thus, can provide valuable insight into pre-intrusive phase of atherosclerosis and can be used as an early marker of future atherosclerotic disease. Flow mediated dilation (FMD) is known to depend on ability of the endothelium to release NO in response to shear stress and can be used reliably as an estimate of endothelial function in various disease states.AIMS OF THE STUDY: To study endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension and compare with nonhypertensive subjects.To correlate the duration of hypertension with prevalence of endothelial dysfunction.To correlate microalbuminuria with endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension.To correlate risk factors of atherosclerosis in essential hypertension with endothelial dysfunction. METHODS: Endothelial function was assessed non-invasively by high resolution Duplex Doppler Ultrasound of Brachial Artery in fifty cases of hypertensives with or without microalbuminuria and twenty controls who were healthy subjects. Brachial artery assessment was performed in both cases and control.RESULTS: In this study, it is observed that among 50 hypertensives, endothelial dysfunction was seen in 15 (30%), whereas none of control had endothelial dysfunction. The mean age for hypertensives who had endothelial dysfunction was (50.56) in males and (48.83) in females. Among the cases 9 (60%) of males and 6 (40%) of females had FMD < 4.5%. Among hypertensives 12 (24%) had microalbuminuria. Hypertensives with microalbuminuria having endothelial dysfunction were 4 (33.3%) and hypertensives without microalbuminuria and havingendothelial dysfunction were 8 (66.7%).CONCLUSION: In this study, of 50 hypertensives, endothelial dysfunction was present in 15 (30%) cases. Endothelial dysfunction was more common in males 9(60%) and females 6 (40%).The endothelial dysfunction is independent of Body mass index, High density lipoprotein, duration of hypertension and microalbuminuria but dependent on Triglycerides, Low density lipoprotein and Flow-mediated dilatation.
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M.N et al. (2013) conducted a case-control in Essential hypertension (n=70). Essential hypertension vs. Healthy normotensive controls was evaluated on Endothelial dysfunction (Flow-mediated dilation < 4.5%) (p=0.004). Essential hypertension was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of endothelial dysfunction compared to healthy controls (30% vs 0%, p=0.004).
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