Prevalence of Ischemic Heart Disease in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Background The pathogenesis and prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; EF <50%) is well established, but its prevalence and pathogenesis significance in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; EF ≥50%) has been much less explored. Objectives To identify prevalence of IHD in HFpEF and to correlate the effect of clinical data and diagnostic tools in HFpEF Methods This cross sectional study was carried out in Sulaimani Cardiac Center and Shar Teaching Hospital from April 2017 to January 2018. 104 patients of heart failure whom showed ejection fraction above 50% when evaluated by echocardiography were further evaluated for ischemic heart disease by CT coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary angiography Results Among the patients, 34 (32.7%) were males and 70 (63.7%) were females, and their mean age was 65.49±4.9 with the IHD was equal in both genders with P value of 0.5. However, it was more common in overweight and obese patients with P value of 0.07 when comparing with underweight and normal, in our study 81.6% of patients were HTN and 62.6% of patients were diabetic, a strong relationship between past medical disease and CAD with p value of <0.001. Overall, 43.3% had ischemic heart disease. Conclusion Our data suggest that coronary artery disease is more prevalent in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and it depends on other risk factors and risks of ischemic heart disease.