Key result
Smoking links to higher arterial stiffness in young men, whereas exercise associates inversely in women.
Why the study?
Are lifestyle factors associated with atherosclerosis (measured by baPWV) in young populations?
Cross-Sectional (n=1,730)
No
Are lifestyle factors associated with atherosclerosis (measured by baPWV) in young populations?
Cigarette smoking in young males and lack of exercise in young females are significantly associated with increased arterial stiffness, suggesting early lifestyle interventions may prevent atherosclerosis.
Supports targeted lifestyle assessment in young adults; extends cross-sectional data but leaves causal effects and interventions open.
The epidemiological research was carried out to investigate the relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity（ baPWV） and atherosclerosis-related factors. Subjects were 1,730 Iwaki residents（ Aomori Prefecture, Japan） who participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project between 2005 and 2010. They were divided into different genders and age group. The results were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with baPWV as a dependent variable, and atherosclerosis-related factors as independent variables. In male of the youngest age group, baPWV was found to have a significant positive correlation with the number of cigarette consumption per day. In female of the youngest age group, baPWV was found to have significant positive correlations with triglyceride and glucose levels, and a significant negative orrelation with frequency of exercise. Therefore, cigarette smoking in young male was suggested to be a major risk factor, and exercise habit in young female was suggested to be a preventive factor of atherosclerosis.
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Iwama et al. (2012) conducted a cross-sectional in Atherosclerosis (n=1,730). Cigarette smoking and physical exercise vs. Unexposed / Non-smokers and inactive individuals was evaluated on Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) as a measure of atherosclerosis (β=0.321, p=0.019).
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