Key result
Exercise training significantly reduces systolic blood pressure variability versus no exercise.
Why the study?
Targeting blood pressure variability can potentially reduce cardiovascular events and mortality, but whether exercise reduces blood pressure variability remains controversial.
Does exercise training reduce blood pressure variability in adults?
Meta-Analysis (n=694)
Does exercise training reduce blood pressure variability in adults?
Exercise training, particularly aerobic and combined training, significantly reduces systolic blood pressure variability in adults, offering a non-pharmacological strategy to potentially mitigate cardiovascular risk.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports exercise as non-pharmacological strategy to mitigate cardiovascular risk; confirms RCT benefits in meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Targeting blood pressure variability (BPV) can potentially reduce cardiovascular events and incidence of mortality, but whether exercise reduces BPV remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to study the impact of an exercise intervention on BPV in adults. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO host, Cochrane, Embase, Science direct databases was done to retrieve controlled trials published from inception to January 10, 2023 that investigated the effects of exercise on BPV. The main characteristics of each study were synthesized, re-evaluated, and used in this meta-analysis. RESULTS: Eleven studies with 514 adults with exercise training were eligible for single-arm meta-analysis and six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected for further meta-analysis. After exercise training, systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) (effect size = -0.76, 95%CI: -1.21 to -0.30, I2 60%), especially the average real variability SBP (-0.85, -1.44 to -0.27, I2 59%), was significantly improved. SBPV (-0.68, -1.18 to -0.18, I2 64%) significantly improved in hypertension patients. Aerobic exercise improved SBPV (-0.66, -1.32 to -0.00, I2 45%), and combined training improved both SBPV (-0.74, -1.35 to -0.14, I2 65%) and diastolic blood pressure variability (DBPV) (-0.36, -0.65 to -0.02, I2 33%). The SBPV of daytime (-0.90, -1.39 to -0.40, I2 57%) and DBPV of daytime (-0.31, -0.53 to -0.08, I2 0%) values demonstrated significant improvement compared to the night-time values. Moreover, six RCTs demonstrated a decrease in SBPV (-1.03, -1.77 to -0.28, I2 45%). CONCLUSION: This study provides quantitative evidence that exercise training can improve BPV, especially SBPV, in adults. This meta-analysis suggests that aerobic exercise and combined training should be recommended for hypertension patients.
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Lin et al. (2023) conducted a meta-analysis in Hypertension and healthy adults (n=694). Exercise training vs. No exercise training was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) (MD -1.03, 95% CI -1.77 to -0.28). Exercise training reduced systolic blood pressure variability in adults, with a mean difference of -1.03 in randomized controlled trials compared to no exercise.
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