Key result
Indoor laborers with a high self-reported salt-eating habit had greater odds of hypertension compared to those with a low salt habit, an association that was not observed in outdoor laborers.
Why the study?
Does self-reported salt-eating habit and lifetime occupation affect the prevalence of hypertension in older adults?
Cross-Sectional (n=13,738)
No
Does self-reported salt-eating habit and lifetime occupation affect the prevalence of hypertension in older adults?
Sex-specific occupational disparities exist in the association between self-reported salt intake and hypertension, with indoor laborers (especially women) at higher risk.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High salt intake was associated with hypertension only among indoor laborers; leaves open whether occupation modifies salt effects in older adults.
Blood pressure responses to sodium intake are heterogeneous among populations. Few studies have assessed occupational disparities in the association between sodium intake and hypertension in older people. We used cross-sectional data from 14,292 participants aged 60 years or older in Xiamen, China, in 2013. Self-reported salt-eating habit was examined with three levels: low, medium, and high. The main lifetime occupation was classified into indoor laborer and outdoor laborer. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations of hypertension with self-reported salt-eating habit, main lifetime occupation, and their interactions by adjusting for some covariates, with further stratification by sex. Overall, 13,738 participants had complete data, of whom 30.22% had hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension was 31.57%, 28.63%, and 31.97% in participants who reported to have low, medium, and high salt-eating habit, respectively. Outdoor laborers presented significantly lower prevalence of hypertension than indoor laborers (26.04% vs. 34.26%, p < 0.001). Indoor laborers with high salt-eating habit had the greatest odds of hypertension (OR = 1.32, 95% CI [1.09-1.59]). An increased trend of odds in eating habit as salt-heavier was presented in indoor laborers (p-trend = 0.048), especially for women (p-trend = 0.001). No clear trend presented in men. Conclusively, sex-specific occupational disparities exist in the association between self-reported salt-eating habit and hypertension in older individuals. Overlooking the potential moderating role of sex and occupation might affect the relationship between sodium intake and hypertension.
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Yuan et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=13,738). High self-reported salt-eating habit in indoor laborers vs. Low self-reported salt-eating habit in indoor laborers was evaluated on Hypertension status (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.09-1.59). Indoor laborers with a high self-reported salt-eating habit had greater odds of hypertension compared to those with a low salt habit, an association that was not observed in outdoor laborers.
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