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June 6, 2026Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Spatiotemporal dynamics and nonlinear drivers of ecosystem service synergies and trade-offs in Shaanxi, China

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Authors

MGMenghan GaoWeinan Normal UniversityKLKhai Ern LeeNational University of MalaysiaASAida Soraya ShamsuddinNational University of Malaysia

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Implication

Randomized trial examines ecosystem service synergies and trade-offs in Shaanxi, suggesting a new framework for ecological assessment.

Key Points

  • This study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of ecosystem service synergies and trade-offs in Shaanxi, China.
  • Employs dynamic ecosystem trade-off synergy index (DETSI) and interpretable machine learning (XGBoost-SHAP) for analysis.
  • Analyzes six ecosystem service indicators from 2000 to 2022.
  • Identifies nonlinear driver-response patterns and threshold effects.
  • Strong synergies were found among regulating service pairs, while cultural-provisioning pairs showed persistent trade-offs.
  • Five representative pairs achieved accuracy rates from 0.8112 to 0.9696.
  • Eighteen key drivers displayed nonlinear responses, with moderate conditions supporting synergies.

Cite This Study

Gao et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a23baa771a5da9775e764bahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-55480-2
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