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July 12, 2026LandOpen Access

Spatiotemporal Changes, Driving Mechanisms, and Trade-Offs/Synergies of Ecosystem Services in Shandong Province, China

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Authors

YFYifei FengLCL ChenFMFanchang Meng

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Overview

Randomized trial examines ecosystem services dynamics in Shandong Province, indicating areas for improvement.

Key Points

  • This research aims to analyze the changes, mechanisms, and interactions of ecosystem services in Shandong Province over time and space.
  • Quantified carbon storage, water yield, soil conservation, and habitat quality using the InVEST model.
  • Applied GeoDetector, geographically weighted regression, XGBoost-SHAP, Spearman’s rank correlation, and spatial overlay analysis.
  • Examined land-use changes and driving factors for ecosystem services from 2000 to 2020.
  • Land-use changes from 2000–2020 affected cropland, grassland, built-up land, and water bodies.
  • Synergies persisted between carbon storage and habitat quality, while water yield showed trade-offs with both habitat quality and carbon storage.
  • Low-synergy areas accounted for 69.23–70.94% of the region, indicating limited overall ecosystem service coordination.

Cite This Study

Feng et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a5331ce4f7abc118adedac0https://doi.org/10.3390/land15071245
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Trade-Offs and Synergies of Ecosystem Services and Spatial Zoning Optimization in Shandong Province from a Linear–Nonlinear Coupling Perspective2026
  2. 2Trade-Off/Synergy Relationships of Ecosystem Services and Their Driving Mechanisms Based on Land Use Change Analysis2026
  3. 3Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Driving Mechanisms of Ecosystem Service Trade-Offs and Synergies in Fujian Province2026
  4. 4[Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs and Synergies in Shandong Province Under the Background of LUCC].2025 · 1 citations
  5. 5Spatiotemporal dynamics and nonlinear drivers of ecosystem service synergies and trade-offs in Shaanxi, China2026