Key result
Baseline T2D linked to ~3-fold higher CKD risk and increased HF risk in overweight adults.
Why the study?
Overweight/obesity and T2D are associated with interrelated conditions requiring holistic care, but the risks over time of developing cardiorenal complications in this population remained to be investigated.
Does the presence of T2D increase the risk of developing CKD or HF in adults with overweight or obesity?
Cohort
Yes
Does the presence of T2D increase the risk of developing CKD or HF in adults with overweight or obesity?
In adults with overweight or obesity, comorbid T2D substantially increases the 5-year risk of developing CKD (2-3 fold) and heart failure (1.5 fold).
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Hypothesis-generating for intensified cardiorenal monitoring in overweight/obese adults with T2D; leaves open causal effects and intervention benefits.
Introduction and Objective: Overweight/obesity (OW/OB) and T2D are associated with numerous interrelated conditions, and there is growing acknowledgment that holistic, patient-centered care is required. Here, we investigate the risks over time of developing cardiorenal complications (diagnosed CKD or HF) in people living with OW/OB without CKD or HF at baseline, stratified by T2D presence. Methods: The CALOR study retrospectively collected data from adults with OW/OB (BMI: US ≥25 kg/m2; Japan ≥23 kg/m2) from the US (Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database [Optum® CDM]; study period Jan 2016-Mar 2025) and Japan (Data and Evidence for Social Care [DeSC] and Medical Data Vision [MDV]; study period Jan 2016-Aug 2024). Results: Across datasets, mean age was 50.7-62.2 years; 45.3% (Optum® CDM), 53.5% (MDV), and 63.3% (DeSC) of people were male. While absolute risks differed between datasets, the risks of developing CKD or HF increased substantially over time across all datasets (Table). Having T2D at baseline increased the 5-year risk of developing CKD by ~2-3-fold, and HF by ~1.5-fold. Conclusion: In people living with OW/OB, the risk of developing cardiorenal complications increases rapidly over time, with comorbid T2D further exacerbating the risk. These findings highlight the urgent need for an early holistic care plan to prevent complications from developing. Disclosure D. Horn: Consultant; Current; Amgen Inc., AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Current; Eli Lilly and Company. Consultant; Current; Novo Nordisk. Speaker's Bureau; Current; Novo Nordisk. Research Support; Current; Novo Nordisk. Consultant; Current; Zealand Pharma A/S, Kailera. Research Support; Current; KVK Tech, Weight Watcher. E. Lesén: Employee; Current; AstraZeneca. Stock/Shareholder; Current; AstraZeneca. M. Bjursell: Employee; Current; AstraZeneca. Stock/Shareholder; Current; AstraZeneca. K. Abalo: Employee; Current; AstraZeneca. H. Waki: Consultant; Current; AstraZeneca. Speaker's Bureau; Current; Eli Lilly and Company, Kowa Company, Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi K.K., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.
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HORN et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Overweight or Obesity. Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) vs. Without T2D was evaluated on Development of CKD or HF (~2-3-fold increase for CKD, ~1.5-fold increase for HF). In adults with overweight or obesity, having baseline type 2 diabetes increased the 5-year risk of developing chronic kidney disease by approximately 2-3-fold and heart failure by 1.5-fold.
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