¹³C cross polarization–magic angle spinning (CP–MAS) n.m.r. studies of α- and β-cyclodextrins: resolution of all conformationally-important sites

C-1 and C-4 sites in α- and β-cyclodextrin hydrates [six and seven residue cyclic α-(1→4) glucans] are resolved into six and seven resonances respectively in 13C CP–MAS n.m.r. spectra, demonstrating that conformational features within these macrocycles are recognised by well-resolved chemical shifts.