Adaptive droop control for bus voltage restoration and SOC regulation in shipboard fuel cell hybrid DC microgrids

In shipboard DC microgrid, to address the Voltage deviations caused by basic droop control, the paper proposes a decentralized adaptive droop control strategy for bus voltage restoration and battery SOC management in a fuel cell hybrid system. By introducing a virtual reference voltage bias, voltage variations under droop control can be compensated, enabling rapid recovery of the bus voltage when load changes occur. Furthermore, a SOC adaptive regulation law with dead time is superimposed on the droop control to ensure that the SOC continuously operates within a safe range. Moreover, a cascaded boost converter with unified duty cycle control provides high voltage gain, natural power balancing, and consistent dynamic response. Simulations under initial SOC values of 10%, 50%, and 90% demonstrate precise voltage restoration with deviations below 1.6% and effective SOC management within safe operating limits.