Key result
Diabetes duration ≥15 years linked to ~80% higher CAD odds versus <5 years.
Why the study?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, but the association between diabetes duration and major cardiovascular outcomes in Thai adults required nationwide evaluation.
Does longer diabetes duration increase the risk of major cardiovascular outcomes in adults with T2DM?
Cross-Sectional (n=34,131)
Yes
Does longer diabetes duration increase the risk of major cardiovascular outcomes in adults with T2DM?
Odds Ratio: 1.8 (95% CI 1.38–2.34)
Absolute Event Rate: 3.4% vs 1.3%
Longer diabetes duration (≥ 15 years) is significantly associated with higher odds of CAD, CHF, and PAD compared to duration < 5 years in adults with T2DM.
May inform CV risk assessment by diabetes duration in T2DM; leaves open independent prediction in prospective cohorts.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to examine the association between diabetes duration and major cardiovascular outcomes, including coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), among Thai adults with T2DM using nationwide data from 2018. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the "Assessment in Quality of Care among Patients Receiving a Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension Visiting the Ministry of Public Health and Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Hospital" database in Thailand. Adult patients aged ≥ 18 years with T2DM were included, and those without documented diabetes duration were excluded. Diabetes duration was stratified into four groups: <5 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and ≥ 15 years. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between diabetes duration and cardiovascular outcomes after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and glycemic control. Among 34,131 participants, the overall prevalence of CAD, CHF, CVA, and PAD was 1.9%, 0.8%, 1.5%, and 0.3%, respectively. Compared with a diabetes duration of < 5 years, a duration of ≥ 15 years was associated with higher odds of CAD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-2.34), CHF (AOR 2.34, 95% CI 1.60-3.44), and PAD (AOR 6.47, 95% CI 3.09-13.58), whereas no significant association was observed for CVA. These findings suggest a cross-sectional association between longer diabetes duration and a higher prevalence of certain cardiovascular diseases, particularly CAD, CHF, and PAD, among adults with T2DM. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality and to guide clinical interventions targeting cardiovascular risk in this population.
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Poochanasri et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=34,131). Diabetes duration ≥15 years vs. Diabetes duration <5 years was evaluated on Coronary artery disease (CAD) (AOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.38-2.34). A diabetes duration of ≥15 years was associated with higher odds of coronary artery disease (AOR 1.80), heart failure (AOR 2.34), and PAD (AOR 6.47) compared to a duration of <5 years.
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