What question did this study set out to answer?

This review aims to assess the efficacy of noninvasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache while evaluating adherence to IHS guidelines and methodological quality.

June 20, 2026European Journal of NeurologyOpen Access

Efficacy, IHS Guideline Adherence, and Methodological Quality of Noninvasive Neuromodulation Clinical Trials in Migraine and Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review

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Authors

JCJaviera Canales‐RodríguezVall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari CACornelius AngerhöferHumboldt-Universität zu Berlin ECEdoardo CaronnaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Discussion

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Implication

Systematic review evaluates guideline adherence and efficacy of noninvasive neuromodulation treatments for migraine and cluster headache, highlighting variability in studies.

Key Points

This review aims to assess the efficacy of noninvasive neuromodulation for migraine and cluster headache while evaluating adherence to IHS guidelines and methodological quality.
A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO Clinical Trials Registry was performed.
Trials published from January 1990 to October 2024 focused on noninvasive treatments for migraine and cluster headache.
Data analysis was conducted regarding study design, IHS guideline adherence, and efficacy of outcomes.
Seventy trials were included, featuring modalities like noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
Randomized and sham-controlled designs mostly characterized acute migraine treatments; preventive trials exhibited more variability.
Significant heterogeneity was observed in the use of IHS-recommended endpoints across studies.

Cite This Study

Canales‐Rodríguez et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a363326db0793dc1a5397c6 https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70559

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Implication

Systematic review evaluates guideline adherence and efficacy of noninvasive neuromodulation treatments for migraine and cluster headache, highlighting variability in studies.

Efficacy, IHS Guideline Adherence, and Methodological Quality of Noninvasive Neuromodulation Clinical Trials in Migraine and Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Efficacy, IHS Guideline Adherence, and Methodological Quality of Noninvasive Neuromodulation Clinical Trials in Migraine and Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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