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June 21, 2026The Lancet NeurologyOpen Access

Epstein–Barr virus and multiple sclerosis: from associations to mechanisms to potential therapies

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Authors

JLJan D LuünemannCMChristian Münz

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Overview

Randomized trial investigates Epstein–Barr virus effects on multiple sclerosis pathways, suggesting new therapies.

Key Points

  • This research aims to explore the relationship between Epstein–Barr virus and the mechanisms influencing multiple sclerosis.
  • Discusses serological and epidemiological studies linking Epstein–Barr virus to multiple sclerosis.
  • Examines B cell dynamics, including atypical B cell expansion in the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Considers potential therapies like vaccines and T-cell-based treatments targeting Epstein–Barr virus.
  • Epstein–Barr virus infection is linked to the expansion of atypical B cells in inflamed CNS regions.
  • Dysregulation of virus latency and T-cell deficiencies may increase risk for multiple sclerosis.
  • Proposed therapies include prophylactic vaccines and targeted B cell treatments to address autoimmune responses.

Cite This Study

Luünemann et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a37815a24f042ddf4c5b425https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(26)00177-8
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Epstein-Barr virus-associated multiple sclerosis: recent mechanistic advances and clinical therapeutic perspectives2026 · 1 citations
  2. 2The role of Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis: From pathogenesis to therapeutic potential2026 · 3 citations
  3. 3Epstein–Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Insights into Virus-Driven Autoimmunity2026 · 1 citations
  4. 4Targeting Epstein–Barr virus in multiple sclerosis: when and how?2024 · 10 citations
  5. 5Experimental Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis: Epstein–Barr Virus and Potential EBV-Related Therapeutic Strategies—A Systematic Review2026 · 1 citations