Key result
Following balloon aortic valvuloplasty, patients who underwent subsequent definitive treatment had significantly lower two-year mortality compared to those who did not (20.0% vs. 84.6%; p=0.005).
Why the study?
What are the acute and long-term outcomes of balloon aortic valvuloplasty in patients with severe aortic stenosis in the TAVI era?
Observational (n=23)
No
What are the acute and long-term outcomes of balloon aortic valvuloplasty in patients with severe aortic stenosis in the TAVI era?
Absolute Event Rate: 20% vs 84.6%
p-value: p=0.005
Balloon aortic valvuloplasty remains a viable palliative or bridging option for selected patients with severe aortic stenosis, significantly reducing transvalvular gradients, though long-term survival depends on subsequent definitive valve replacement.
Percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) has been limited by the risk of complications and restenosis. However, growing use of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has revived interest in this technique. We analyzed the current indications for BAV and outcomes in a single center. Acute results and long-term outcomes were analyzed in a retrospective single-center registry of patients undergoing BAV between January 2013 and January 2016. Twenty-three patients underwent BAV, 56.5% male, mean age 78±7 years. Indications were severe aortic stenosis and decompensated heart failure (n=5), urgent non-cardiac surgery (n=8), or bridge to definitive treatment (n=10). Peak invasive gradient decreased from a median of 54.0±19.0 mmHg to 28.5±13.8 mmHg (p=0.002). Complications included one ischemic stroke, one lower limb ischemia and one femoral pseudoaneurysm requiring surgery. During a mean follow-up of 11±10 months, eight patients underwent TAVI and two underwent surgical aortic valve replacement. Thirteen patients died, nine of non-cardiovascular causes. On Kaplan-Meier analysis mortality was significantly lower among patients undergoing definitive treatment (20.0% vs. 84.6% at two-year follow-up; p=0.005). BAV should be considered for selected patients with temporary contraindications to definitive therapy or as palliative therapy. A implantação de próteses aórticas percutâneas reavivou o interesse na valvuloplastia aórtica por balão, habitualmente limitada por complicações e restenose. Analisámos as indicações e resultados desta técnica. Registo retrospetivo, unicêntrico, de doentes submetidos a valvuloplastia aórtica por balão, de janeiro de 2013 a janeiro de 2016. Analisaram-se os resultados imediatos e a longo prazo. Vinte e três doentes foram submetidos a valvuloplastia aórtica por balão, 56,5% homens, idade média 78 ± 7 anos. As indicações foram estenose aórtica grave com: insuficiência cardíaca descompensada (n = 5); cirurgia não-cardíaca urgente (n = 8); ponte para terapêutica definitiva (n = 10). O gradiente de pico invasivo reduziu-se de uma mediana de 54,0 (19,0) mmHg para 28,5 (13,8) mmHg (p = 0,002). Registaram-se um acidente vascular cerebral isquémico, uma isquemia aguda do membro inferior e um pseudoaneurisma femoral resolvidos cirurgicamente. Durante um seguimento médio de 11 ± 10 meses, efetuaram-se oito implantações percutâneas de prótese aórtica e duas substituições cirúrgicas. Treze doentes morreram, nove de causas não-cardiovasculares. Por análise de sobrevivência de Kaplan-Meier, a mortalidade foi menor nos doentes submetidos a tratamento definitivo (20,0 versus 84,6% a dois anos; p = 0,005). A valvuloplastia aórtica por balão deve ser considerada em doentes selecionados com contraindicações temporárias ao tratamento definitivo ou como terapêutica paliativa.
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Francisco et al. (2017) conducted an observational in Severe aortic stenosis (n=23). Definitive treatment (TAVI or surgical aortic valve replacement) following balloon aortic valvuloplasty vs. No definitive treatment was evaluated on Mortality at two-year follow-up (p=0.005). Following balloon aortic valvuloplasty, patients who underwent subsequent definitive treatment had significantly lower two-year mortality compared to those who did not (20.0% vs. 84.6%; p=0.005).
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