Key result
Standard error of measurement (SEM) is preferable to other measures for assessing observer variability in medical literature.
This guide recommends using the standard error of measurement (SEM) for assessing observer variability in medical research.
May aid standardization of observer variability reporting; leaves open validation across cardiology modalities.
Some form of the assessment of observer variability may be the most frequent statistical task in medical literature. Still, very little attempt is made to make the reported methods uniform and clear to the reader. This paper provides overview of various measures of observer variability, and a rationale of why using standard error of measurement (SEM) is preferable to other measures of observer variability. The supplemental file contains examples on how to design a proper repeatability and reproducibility assessment, determine appropriate sample size, and test for significance of its findings.
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Popović et al. (2017) reported a review. Standard error of measurement (SEM) vs. Other measures of observer variability was evaluated. Standard error of measurement (SEM) is preferable to other measures for assessing observer variability in medical literature.
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