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July 1, 2026Discover SustainabilityOpen Access

Evaluating the effects of trade openness and FDI on CO2 emissions in Somalia

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Authors

AAAli Farh AbdullahiAAAbdikani Yusuf AbdulleZOZakaria Abdo Osman

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Overview

Evaluates the impact of trade openness and FDI on CO2 emissions in Somalia, suggesting urgent policy changes for sustainability.

Key Points

  • The research aims to explore how trade openness and foreign direct investment affect CO2 emissions in Somalia, focusing on asymmetric impacts.
  • Analyzed annual data from 1980 to 2023 using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) method.
  • Assessed short- and long-term effects of trade openness and FDI on CO2 emissions.
  • Accounted for Somalia’s unique post-conflict context and energy dependence.
  • Positive shocks to trade openness and FDI significantly increase CO2 emissions, supporting the Pollution Haven Hypothesis.
  • Negative shocks only partially reduce emissions, aligned with the Environmental Kuznets Curve.
  • Energy consumption and economic growth are the main drivers of emissions, highlighting Somalia’s reliance on fossil fuels and biomass.

Cite This Study

Abdullahi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a44af635cd2549c8bc445d2https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-026-03901-7
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Carbon emissions economic growth trade openness and urbanization nexus in Somalia2026
  2. 2Asymmetric effects of energy consumption and trade openness on CO2 emissions within the Environmental Kuznets Curve framework in Somalia2026
  3. 3Carbon Emissions and Environment Sustainability in Somalia: Examining the Nexus with Economic Factors, Energy Consumption, and Urban Growth using an ARDL Approach2025
  4. 4Economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Somalia testing the N shaped environmental Kuznets curve2026
  5. 5Investigating trade openness’s impact on Somalia’s economic growth: a VECM study2026 · 2 citations