Intensity of competitive loads in highly qualified cross-country skiers in races of various formats and distances

The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of competitive activity intensity in highly qualified cross‑country skiers in races of various formats and distances. Research methods and organization. The method of analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature data was used. Heart rate monitor data of highly qualified cross‑country skiers with HR recordings during international competitions in the period from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed. Mathematical statistics methods and data visualization in the R environment were also used. Research results and conclusions. Significant differences in the distribution of load intensity were revealed depending on the format and length of the distances. With an increase in distance length, the proportion of high‑intensity work naturally decreases; however, the absolute time spent in zones IV and V during long distances (30–50 km) is approximately twice as high as the corresponding values in short races. The time spent in zone III proportionally increases in both relative and absolute values. The revealed features of the distribution of competitive load intensity in highly qualified cross‑country skiers can be used at the pre‑competition stage to specify the duration and intensity of interval loads. Systematic monitoring and analysis of sports watch data are necessary to determine individually optimal parameters of competitive intensity.