Current directions of legal regulation of animal husbandry in the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China

The article is a comprehensive study of the current directions in the development of legal regulation of animal husbandry in the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China in the context of ensuring food security and state sovereignty. Common trends in the development of animal husbandry in these countries are identified, such as the priority development of pig and poultry farming, as well as significant differences related to the saturation of the Russian market and the steady growth of Chinese production. Special attention is paid to the comparative legal analysis of the systems of strategic planning and legal regulation of animal husbandry in Russia and the People's Republic of China. The article discusses the main regulatory legal acts governing issues such as veterinary control, breeding practices, handling livestock waste, and the protection and circulation of genetic resources. The methodological basis of the article is a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach that combines dialectical method, comparative legal method, formal legal method, and system analysis method. The conducted analysis shows that Russian legislation is multi-level and fragmented, while Chinese law, on the contrary, strives for the concentration of norms in a single codified act - the Animal Husbandry Law of 2023, characterized by strict centralization and ecological orientation. In conclusion, the necessity of harmonizing the legislation of the two countries is justified to remove technical barriers to trade, mutual recognition of safety standards, and the development of joint investment projects. The main conclusions of the study are that the lack of unification of requirements for veterinary medicines, feed additives, and traceability systems creates significant administrative barriers to bilateral trade, and overcoming these barriers requires the development of bilateral agreements on mutual recognition of inspections and ecological certificates, as well as the creation of a model law based on which intergovernmental memoranda on cooperation in the agro-industrial sphere can be developed. Directions for future comparative research are proposed to develop legal solutions that can form the basis for intergovernmental agreements on mutual recognition of certificates and the establishment of joint animal husbandry complexes.