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The role of virtual reality and augmented reality in enhancing English speaking and listening skills

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This study aims to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality and augmented reality in enhancing English speaking and listening skills among learners.
Mixed-method experimental design with pre-tests, post-tests, and surveys.
Participants included 400 English learners from Tianjin Foreign Studies University.
MANCOVA used to analyze the effects of VR, AR, and traditional instruction while controlling for prior proficiency.
VR significantly improved speaking performance (F (1,395) = 466.58, p < 0.001, η² = 0.541).
AR led to greater gains in listening skills (F (1,395)= 396.50, p < 0.001, η² = 0.501).
Estimated marginal means indicated that VR was most effective for speaking (AdjM = 90.20) and AR was superior for listening (AdjM = 89.74).

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Randomized trial demonstrates improved language skills in learners, suggesting practical applications for immersive technologies.

Shanshan Zhu (2026) studied this question.

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