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This study aims to design and evaluate novel indole amide derivatives as antifungal agents for sustainable crop production.

Design, Synthesis, and Multifaceted Antifungal Mechanism of Novel Indole Amide Derivatives for Sustainable Crop Production

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Randomized trial evaluates antifungal effectiveness of novel compounds in crop protection, indicating strong potential as sustainable fungicides.

This study aims to design and evaluate novel indole amide derivatives as antifungal agents for sustainable crop production.
Seventy-eight indole amide derivatives were designed and synthesized based on N-indoleacetic acid and indole-3-propionic acid.
Antifungal activity was assessed in vitro against several fungal pathogens and in vivo against rice sheath blight.
Mechanistic studies included cellular morphology assessment and molecular docking analysis of target binding sites.
F18 exhibited antifungal activity with EC50 values of 3.63, 12.38, and 2.43 μg/mL against R. solani, S. sclerotiorum, and P. piricola, respectively.
F20 also showed significant activity, particularly against R. solani with an EC50 of 1.60 μg/mL.
In vivo, F18 and F20 provided protective efficacies of 88.2% and 89.1% against rice sheath blight, surpassing the commercial fungicide tebuconazole (75.6%).

Chen et al. (2026) studied this question.

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Randomized trial evaluates antifungal effectiveness of novel compounds in crop protection, indicating strong potential as sustainable fungicides.