Randomized trial explores fire's role in reducing stress and enhancing sociality in Homo erectus, suggesting behavioral evolution.
The 1.5Ma-400ka “fire maintenance gap” remains unexplained: evidence of fire use exists without ignition technology. We propose Wood Battery Theory: lightning-struck trees function as natural 4-22h smoldering batteries, insulated by saturated sapwood, producing harvestable 200-400°C embers. Combined with Transgenerational Habituation—0.004% reduction per generation in flight distance—this enabled Homo erectus to shift from panic to harvest by ∼1.0Ma. We formalize Lex Ignis Socialis: controlled fire reduced nocturnal cortisol 40-60%, extended social time +4h/day, and created the first defensible property, driving clan cohesion and primordial sedentism within 5km of lightning-prone forests. Hydrothermal Amendment: H2O dissociation >300°C provides O2, extending battery life during rain/cold and enabling year-round access. Seven falsifiable predictions are provided. Field data: 9 lightning strikes, Yucatán. 6/9 produced smoldering >4h, max 22h at 280°C. Mutation 0.0 reframes fire control as behavioral inhibition, not technological invention.
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Sebastián Alamilla Méndez (2026) studied this question.
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