Acoustic simulation analysis of multistage gear-shaft-box coupled system based on vibration response

With growing industrial demands for vibration and noise control in gear transmission systems, acoustic simulation has become an effective approach for investigating their vibroacoustic characteristics. However, in-depth studies on acoustic simulations based on vibration response analysis using coupled multi-stage gear-shaft-housing models remain scarce. This paper establishes a coupled multi-stage gear-shaft-housing model that closely aligns with actual operating conditions. The study systematically reveals the influence patterns of vibrational frequency, input speed, and load on the system’s acoustic field. A comparative analysis of rectangular and circular gearboxes under different operating conditions is conducted. The results demonstrate that the surface SPL distribution exhibits higher values at the top and lower values at the sides. Significant SPL increases occur at the gear meshing frequency and its harmonics. The SPL shows a positive correlation with load. Notably, the circular gearbox exhibits distinct spatial migration of SPL distribution with frequency variations, while the rectangular gearbox maintains stable characteristics. The overall SPL difference between the two gearbox configurations remains relatively small across all operating conditions. This research provides direct theoretical support for low-noise gearbox design. It also helps reduce acoustic testing costs during early development stages.