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July 15, 2026CoatingsOpen Access

Comprehensive Investigation of the Effect of Annealing on Electrochromic Properties of WO3 Films

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Authors

YXYixian XieFTFuyueyang TanYFYuying Feng

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Overview

Review summarizes the impact of annealing on electrochromic properties in WO3 films, indicating future directions for improvement.

Key Points

  • This work aims to investigate how annealing affects the electrochromic properties of tungsten trioxide (WO3) films.
  • Reviews effects of annealing temperature, atmosphere, and dwell time on WO3 films.
  • Analyzes different deposition methods like magnetron sputtering and sol-gel.
  • Clarifies optimal annealing conditions for achieving desired electrochromic properties.
  • Moderate annealing temperatures (200–350 °C) in inert/air atmospheres yield optimal oxygen vacancy content.
  • Mixed amorphous-nanocrystalline structures enhance optical modulation and switching speed.
  • Identifies current challenges such as contrast-stability trade-off in flexible substrates.

Cite This Study

Xie et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a5723c288b21df87548067bhttps://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16070828
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