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July 1, 2026The American Journal of MedicineOpen Access

ICG-guided antihypertensive therapy is associated with up to ~92% blood pressure control in primary care.

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Why the study?

Controlling blood pressure reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality but is often not achieved in clinical practice, and tailoring therapy to an individual hemodynamic profile using impedance cardiography might attain efficient, effective control.

Does tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy to hemodynamic profile using impedance cardiography improve blood pressure control in hypertensive patients?

Population

14,058 hypertensive patients managed by two large U.S. primary care groups

Comparison

Therapeutic algorithms based on impedance cardiography-derived hemodynamics linked to clinical decision support tools

Design

Observational study

Follow-up

Six years for a subset of PriMED patients

Key result

Tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy to hemodynamic profile in primary care achieved blood pressure control in 92% and 81% of patients across two groups at the second follow-up visit.

Authors

JCJohn GF ClelandDRDouglas E. RomerRKRaymond A. Kaiser

Discussion

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Member takes

Overview

May improve BP control via ICG-guided therapy in primary care; leaves open confirmation in RCTs.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=14,058)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Does tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy to hemodynamic profile using impedance cardiography improve blood pressure control in hypertensive patients?

P
Population
14,058 hypertensive patients (median age 62, 50% women) managed by two large U.S. primary care groups, with a subset followed for six years to evaluate clinical outcomes.
E
Exposure
Tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy using therapeutic algorithms based on impedance cardiography (ICG)-derived hemodynamics linked to clinical decision support tools.
O
Outcome
Blood pressure control according to contemporary (2014) guidelines (<140/<90 mmHg).surrogate

Tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy based on impedance cardiography-derived hemodynamics is feasible and achieves high rates of blood pressure control in primary care.

Cite This Study

Cleland et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Hypertension (n=14,058). Tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy to hemodynamic profile using impedance cardiography (ICG) was evaluated on Blood pressure control according to contemporary (2014) guidelines (<140/<90 mmHg). Tailoring anti-hypertensive therapy to hemodynamic profile in primary care achieved blood pressure control in 92% and 81% of patients across two groups at the second follow-up visit.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a5bf7f3321baac513b994fehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2026.07.001
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