The impact of dissection and re-entry versus wire escalation techniques on long-term clinical outcomes in patients with chronic total occlusion lesions following percutaneous coronary intervention: An updated meta-analysis

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow diagram of the study selection process.

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  Figure 2. Forest plot for mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), target vessel revascularization (TVR) and composite outcomes (death/MI/TVR) in long-term follow-up. Forest plot demonstrates a pooled estimate of mortality during the follow-up period: A. All-cause mortality; B. Cardiovascular mortality; C. Myocardial infarction; D. Target vessel revascularization; E. Death/MI/TVR. The risk ratio of each study along with a pooled risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) is depicted; DR — dissection and re-entry; WE — wire escalation.

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  Figure 3. Forest plot for in-stent restenosis, reocclusion, thrombosis in the long-term follow-up and the procedural characteristics of patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO). Forest plot demonstrating a pooled estimate of the following outcomes during the follow-up period: A. In-stent restenosis; B. In-stent reocclusion; C. Stent thrombosis; D. CTO occlusion length; E. J-CTO score; F. Stent length; G. Number of stents. The risk ratio of each study along with a pooled risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) is depicted; DR — dissection and re-entry; WE — wire escalation.

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  Figure 4. Sensitivity analyses of pooled rate ratios for outcomes. Sensitivity analyses for the following outcomes; A. All-cause mortality; B. Cardiac mortality; C. Myocardial infarction (MI); D. Target vessel revascularization (TVR); E. Death/MI/TVR; F. In-stent restenosis; G. In-stent reocclusion; H. Stent thrombosis; I. Chronic total occlusion (CTO) occlusion length; J. J-CTO score; K. Stent length; L. Stent numbers. The risk ratio of each study along with a pooled risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) is depicted. The vertical lines in the middle represent the total combined effect of all the studies, and the left and right vertical lines represent the upper and lower limits of 95% CI of the total combined effect. The corresponding horizontal line for each study represents the combined effect of the remaining studies after deletion of the corresponding study.

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  Figure 5. Publication bias plots of included studies. Publication bias of included studies for the following outcomes: A. All-cause mortality; B. Cardiac mortality; C. Myocardial infarction (MI); D. Target vessel revascularization (TVR); E. Death/MI/TVR; F. In-stent restenosis; G. In-stent reocclusion; H. Stent thrombosis; I. Chronic total occlusion (CTO) occlusion length; J. J-CTO score; K. Stent length; L. Stent numbers.