Compound Lingzhi granules alleviated atherosclerosis by reducing lipid accumulation and inflammation

Objective Cardiovascular disease, primarily driven by atherosclerosis, is a leading cause of global mortality. Compound Lingzhi Granules (CLG), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, have shown potential in mitigating cardiovascular diseases. This study investigates the anti-atherosclerotic effects of CLG and elucidates its underlying mechanisms. Methods Atherosclerosis was induced in 8-week-old ApoE knockout mice fed a high-fat diet. The effects of CLG on atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated using Oil Red O staining. Plaque stability was assessed via hematoxylin & eosin (H&E), Sirius Red, and immunofluorescence staining. Serum lipid levels were measured, and mechanisms related to lipid metabolism and inflammation were explored through gene and protein expression analyses. Safety was evaluated through pathological examination of major organs. Results CLG significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque area, decreased necrotic core area, and increased fibrous cap thickness, indicating enhanced plaque stability. Additionally, CLG attenuated oxidative stress and reduced plaque macrophage content. Mechanistically, CLG promoted hepatic lipid metabolism, lowered blood lipids, and reduced lipid accumulation in plaques. No significant organ toxicity was observed. Conclusion CLG exerts anti-atherosclerotic effects by enhancing lipid metabolism, inhibiting inflammation, and reducing oxidative stress, without detectable organ toxicity. These findings support CLG as a promising therapeutic candidate for atherosclerosis.