The presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension significantly inflates the economic burden, with mean annual costs per patient around three-fold higher compared to those without metabolic syndrome.
Observational
What is the epidemiological and economic burden of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension in Germany, Spain, and Italy?
The presence of metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients significantly increases cardiovascular events, diabetes prevalence, and healthcare costs, which are projected to rise substantially by 2020.
BACKGROUND: The presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and mortality. Our aim is to estimate the epidemiological and economic burden to the health service of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension in three European countries in 2008 and 2020. METHODS: An age, sex and risk group structured prevalence based cost of illness model was developed using the United States Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria to define metabolic syndrome. Data sources included published information and public use databases on disease prevalence, incidence of cardiovascular events, prevalence of type 2 diabetes, treatment patterns and cost of management in Germany, Spain and Italy. RESULTS: The prevalence of hypertension with metabolic syndrome in the general population of Germany, Spain and Italy was 36%, 11% and 10% respectively. In subjects with hypertension 61%, 22% and 21% also had metabolic syndrome. Incident cardiovascular events and attributable mortality were around two fold higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome and prevalence of type 2 diabetes was around six-fold higher. The economic burden to the health service of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension was been estimated at €24,427, €1,900 and €4,877 million in Germany, Spain and Italy and forecast to rise by 59%, 179% and 157% respectively by 2020. The largest components of costs included the management of prevalent type 2 diabetes and incident cardiovascular events. Mean annual costs per hypertensive patient were around three-fold higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome compared to those without and rose incrementally with the additional number of metabolic syndrome components present. CONCLUSION: The presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension significantly inflates economic burden and costs are likely to increase in the future due to an aging population and an increase in the prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome.
Scholze et al. (Thu,) conducted a observational in Hypertension with and without metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome vs. Hypertension without metabolic syndrome was evaluated on Total annual cost-of-illness and epidemiological burden (incident cardiovascular events, mortality, prevalent type 2 diabetes). The presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension significantly inflates the economic burden, with mean annual costs per patient around three-fold higher compared to those without metabolic syndrome.