Key result
Sleep apnoea severity is linked to ~12% higher odds of hypertension per 10 hourly events.
Why the study?
Does the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea independently increase the risk of hypertension in adults suspected of having sleep apnoea?
Observational (n=2,677)
No
Does the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea independently increase the risk of hypertension in adults suspected of having sleep apnoea?
This study establishes that obstructive sleep apnoea is a significant, independent risk factor for hypertension, with risk increasing linearly with apnoea severity.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports hypertension evaluation in severe sleep apnoea; leaves open causality and treatment effects in prospective trials.
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether sleep apnoea syndrome is an independent risk factor for hypertension. DESIGN: Population study. SETTING: Sleep clinic in Toronto. PARTICIPANTS: 2,677 adults, aged 20-85 years, referred to the sleep clinic with suspected sleep apnoea syndrome. OUTCOME MEASURES: Medical history, demographic data, morning and evening blood pressure, and whole night polysomnography. RESULTS: Blood pressure and number of patients with hypertension increased linearly with severity of sleep apnoea, as shown by the apnoea-hypopnoea index. Multiple regression analysis of blood pressure levels of all patients not taking antihypertensives showed that apnoea was a significant predictor of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure after adjustment for age, body mass index, and sex. Multiple logistic regression showed that each additional apnoeic event per hour of sleep increased the odds of hypertension by about 1%, whereas each 10% decrease in nocturnal oxygen saturation increased the odds by 13%. CONCLUSION: Sleep apnoea syndrome is profoundly associated with hypertension independent of all relevant risk factors.
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Peretz Lavie (2000) conducted an observational in Suspected sleep apnoea syndrome (n=2,677). Sleep apnoea severity (apnoea-hypopnoea index) vs. Lower apnoea-hypopnoea index (no/mild apnoea) was evaluated on Hypertension (BP >140/90 mm Hg or antihypertensive use) (Odds ratio 1.12 per 10 apnoeic events/hour). Sleep apnoea severity was independently associated with hypertension, with each additional 10 apnoeic events per hour of sleep increasing the odds of hypertension by 12% (OR 1.12).
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