Key result
The IL-4 -590/T allele was significantly more frequent in patients with ischemic heart failure compared to healthy controls, increasing the odds of the disease by over 3-fold (OR 3.16).
Why the study?
Are IL-4 gene polymorphisms associated with ischemic heart failure?
Case-Control (n=182)
Are IL-4 gene polymorphisms associated with ischemic heart failure?
Odds Ratio: 3.16 (95% CI 1.86–5.39)
Absolute Event Rate: 73.3% vs 46.4%
p-value: p=< 0.0001
Certain IL-4 gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with ischemic heart failure, suggesting a potential genetic predisposition.
IL-4 -590/T allele may associate with ischemic heart failure; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before clinical use.
BACKGROUND: As of the potential immunomodulatory effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and its importance in inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes and activated T cells, the IL-4 gene polymorphisms were investigated in a group of patients with chronic heart failure due to ischemic heart disease. METHODS: Forty three patients with ischemic heart failure (IHF) were enrolled in this study and compared with 139 healthy individuals. The allele and genotype frequency of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the IL-4 gene were determined. RESULTS: The frequency of the IL-4 -590/T allele in the patient group was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.0001). The most frequent genotypes in patients with IHF were IL-4 (-590) CC (p < 0.0001), IL-4 (-33) CC (p = 0.021), and IL-4 (-33) TT (p < 0.0001). The frequency of the following genotypes was significantly lower in patients compared to controls: IL-4 (-1098) TG (p = 0.035), IL-4 (-590) TC (p < 0.0001), and IL-4 (-33) TC (p < 0.0001). The most frequent IL-4 haplotypes in the patient group, which were significantly higher than in the control group, were TCC (p < 0.0001), TCT (p = 0.0242), and GCT (p = 0.0108) haplotypes. In contrast, the frequencies of the following haplotypes in the patient group were significantly lower than in the controls: GCC (p = 0.032), TTT (p = 0.0268), and TTC (p = 0.0399). CONCLUSIONS: Certain alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes in IL-4 gene were over represented inpatients with IHF, which may, in turn, predispose individuals to this disease.
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Mahmoudi et al. (2013) conducted a case-control in Ischemic heart failure (n=182). IL-4 gene polymorphisms vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Frequency of the IL-4 -590/T allele (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.86 to 5.39, p=< 0.0001). The IL-4 -590/T allele was significantly more frequent in patients with ischemic heart failure compared to healthy controls, increasing the odds of the disease by over 3-fold (OR 3.16).
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