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This study aims to investigate the environmental impacts of Iran’s gas market dynamics, focusing on carbon emissions and policy effectiveness.

Environmental Policy, Energy Subsidies, and Carbon Emissions in a Fossil-Fuel-Dependent Economy: Structural Imbalances in Iran’s Gas Market

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This study aims to investigate the environmental impacts of Iran’s gas market dynamics, focusing on carbon emissions and policy effectiveness.
Analyzed time-series data from 1995 to 2024 using a Vector Autoregression (VAR) framework.
Conducted a bounds cointegration test to assess long-run relationships between variables.
Outlined a sequenced framework for policy recommendations based on findings.
No long-run equilibrium relationship found between environmental policies and carbon emissions (p < 0.05).
Subsidy policies had only temporary short-run effects on emissions due to structural inertia.
Sanctions resulted in worsening gas market imbalances, aggravating environmental issues.

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Randomized trial analyzes carbon emissions in Iran’s gas sector, suggesting pathways for environmental policy improvement.

Ehsan Rasoulinezhad (2026) studied this question.

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