Key result
PEGDA and PEGDAA hydrogel coatings on bioprosthetic valve tissues restored physiological levels of protein adhesion and mechanical stiffness without interfering with necessary fixation.
Why the study?
Bioprosthetic valves have limited lifespan linked to altered surface properties from the fixation process, prompting efforts to improve surface properties and longevity.
Do PEG-based hydrogel coatings improve the surface and mechanical properties of bioprosthetic valve tissues compared to uncoated fixed tissue?
Do PEG-based hydrogel coatings improve the surface and mechanical properties of bioprosthetic valve tissues compared to uncoated fixed tissue?
PEG-based hydrogel coatings on bioprosthetic valve tissues can restore physiological levels of protein adhesion and mechanical stiffness without interfering with fixation.
PEG coatings may extend BPV durability in animal models; leaves open clinical translation pending human trials.
Bioprosthetic valves (BPVs) have a limited lifespan in the body necessitating repeated surgeries to replace the failed implant. Early failure of these implants has been linked to various surface properties of the valve. Surface properties of BPVs are significantly different from physiological valves because of the fixation process used when processing the xenograft tissue. To improve the longevity of BPVs, efforts need to be taken to improve the surface properties and shield the implant from the bodily interactions that degrade it. Toward this goal, we evaluated the use of hydrogel coatings to attach to the BPV tissue and impart surface properties that are close to physiological. Hydrogels are well characterized for their biocompatibility and highly tunable surface characteristics. Using a previously published coating method, we deposited hydrogel coatings of poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate (PEGDA) and poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylamide (PEGDAA) atop BPV samples. Coated samples were evaluated against the physiological tissue and uncoated glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue for deposition of hydrogel, surface adherence, mechanical properties, and fixation properties. Results showed both PEGDA- and PEGDAA-deposited coatings were nearly continuous across the valve leaflet surface. Further, the PEGDA- and PEGDAA-coated samples showed restoration of physiological levels of protein adhesion and mechanical stiffness. Interestingly, the coating process rather than the coating itself altered the material behavior yet did not alter the cross-linking from fixation. These results show that the PEG-based coatings for BPVs can successfully alter surface properties of BPVs and help promote physiological characteristics without interfering with the necessary fixation.
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Roseen et al. (2020) studied Bioprosthetic valve tissue degradation. PEGDA and PEGDAA hydrogel coatings vs. Physiological tissue and uncoated glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue was evaluated on Deposition of hydrogel, surface adherence, mechanical properties, and fixation properties. PEGDA and PEGDAA hydrogel coatings on bioprosthetic valve tissues restored physiological levels of protein adhesion and mechanical stiffness without interfering with necessary fixation.
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