Effect of Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate and Lidocaine on Hemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation

Introduction:Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is associated with sympathetic stimulation leading to increase in heart rate and blood pressure. We have compared the efcacy of Magnesium sulphate and Lidocaine in blunting the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation as well as the side effects of the drugs. Materials and methods:We conducted a double blinded, prospective, randomized study performed on total of 80, ASAI and II patients who were divided into group M, receiving 30mg/kg Magnesium sulphate, and group L receiving 1.5mg/kg Lidocaine, before laryngoscopy and intubation. Changes in hemodynamic variables like Heart rate(HR), Systolic blood pressure(SBP), Diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and Mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at various time intervals such as at pre anesthetic baseline, before induction, 1min, 3 min, 5 min, and 10 min post intubation. Patients were also observed for adverse effects of the drugs used. Results:Demographic parameters were comparable in terms of age, weight, ASA, distribution of gender. Baseline HR, SBP, DBP, and MAP were similar and insignicant (p-value>0.05) when the two groups were compared. There was signicant rise in HR in Lidocaine group as compared to Magnesium group at 1min,3min post-intubation(p-value<0.05). Signicant attenuation of BPwas seen with Magnesium as compared to Lidocaine at 1min, 3min, 5min post-intubation(p-value<0.05).No adverse effects of drugs were observed during the study. Conclusion: Though Lidocaine and Magnesium both attenuated the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation, Magnesium was found to control hemodynamic changes better than Lidocaine. And at the dosage of drugs we used there were no adverse effects.