The pathophysiology and management of atrial fibrillation

Atrial fi brillation (AF) is the most common sustainable arrhythmia encountered in acute care. Previously, AF was considered a benign rhythm disorder. However, risks and personal burden have reinforced effective management as vital in improving mortality, morbidity and quality of life. This article will detail the clinical manifestation, pathophysiology and management of AF. AF management strategies include the use of medication for cardioversion and maintenance of ventricular rate, electrophysiological procedures and the minimisation of thromboembolic risks. Since AF is encountered in a variety of care environments, nurses are in an important position to effectively assess, educate and support patients with AF and their families. Consequently, nurses must have a good understanding of AF to effectively contribute to the care of such patients.