Exercise Training Induces Depot-Specific Adaptations to White and Brown Adipose Tissue

Figures

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  Figure 1. Changes in Adipose Tissue Depot Mass After Chronic Exercise (A) Images of each adipose tissue depot from sedentary and exercise-trained mice. (B and C) (B) Body weight and (C) tissue weight of each adipose tissue depot from sedentary and exercise-trained mice. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05).

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  Figure 2. Exercise Decreases Genes Involved in Glucose Metabolism and Increases Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in asWAT (A) Expression of genes involved in mitochondrial activity and beiging. (B and C) (B) Glucose metabolism and (C) fatty acid oxidation in asWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).

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  Figure 3. Exercise Increases Mitochondrial Activity, Glucose Metabolism, and Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in ingWAT (A–D) (A) Expression of genes involved in mitochondrial activity and beiging, (B) glucose metabolism, and (C) fatty acid oxidation. (D) Protein expression of UCP1 in ingWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001). (E and F) (E) Basal OCR in adipocytes differentiated from sedentary and trained ingWAT and (F) bioenergetic profiles of adipocytes differentiated from sedentary and trained ingWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 5/group; ***p < 0.001). (G–I) (G) Images and (H) quantification of NADH autofluorescence and (I) NADH-positive area in ingWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3/group; *p < 0.05 compared with baseline; #p < 0.05 compared with day 5). Figure 3G: scale bar, 50μm. (J–L) Protein expression of (J) HK2, (K) GLUT1, and (L) GLUT4 in ingWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05). (M–O) (M) Glucose uptake in differentiated adipocytes isolated from sedentary and trained ingWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3/group; **p < 0.01). Protein expression of (N) CD36 and (O)…

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  Figure 4. Effects of Exercise on Gene Expression in prWAT (A–C) (A) Expression of genes involved in mitochondrial activity and beiging, (B) glucose metabolism, and (C) fatty acid oxidation in prWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).

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  Figure 5. Exercise Increases Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in mWAT (A–C) (A) Expression of genes involved in mitochondrial activity and beiging, (B) glucose metabolism, and (C) fatty acid oxidation in mWAT. (D–J) Protein expression of (D) CS, (E) HK2, (F) GLUT1, (G) GLUT4, (H) CD36, (I) FATP1, and (J) pHSL/HSL in mWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001).

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  Figure 6. Exercise Increases Mitochondrial Activity and Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in pgWAT (A–C) (A) Expression of genes involved in mitochondrial activity and beiging, (B) glucose metabolism, and (C) fatty acid oxidation in pgWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). (D and E) (D) Basal OCR in adipocytes differentiated from sedentary and trained pgWAT and (E) bioenergetic profiles of adipocytes differentiated from sedentary and trained pgWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 5/group; ***p < 0.001). (F–K) Protein expression of (F) HK2, (G) GLUT1, (H) GLUT4, (I) CD36, (J) FATP1, and (K) pHSL/HSL in pgWAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; **p < 0.01). Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group).

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  Figure 7. Exercise Decreases Mitochondrial Activity and Glucose Metabolism, and Increases Genes Involved in Fatty Acid Oxidation in iBAT (A–D) (A) Expression of genes involved in mitochondrial activity and beiging, (B) glucose metabolism, and (C) fatty acid oxidation in iBAT. (D) Protein expression of UCP1 in iBAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). (E and F) (E) Basal OCR in adipocytes differentiated from sedentary and trained iBAT and (F) bioenergetic profiles of adipocytes differentiated from sedentary and trained iBAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 5/group; ***p < 0.001). (G–L) (G–I) (G) Images and (H) quantification of NADH autofluorescence and (I) NADH-positive area in iBAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3/group; *p < 0.05). Protein expression of (J) HK2, (K) GLUT1, and (L) GLUT4 in iBAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 8/group; *p < 0.05). Figure 7G: scale bar, 50μm. (M–P) (M) Glucose uptake in differentiated adipocytes isolated from sedentary and trained iBAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n = 3/group). Protein expression of (N) CD36, (O) FATP1, and (P) pHSL/HSL in iBAT. Data are presented as means ± SEM (n =…