Key result
Genetic testing is clinically recommended for certain single gene conditions like long QT syndrome and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but not for common forms of cardiovascular disease.
Highlights the clinical utility of genetic testing for single-gene cardiovascular conditions while noting the current lack of recommended tests for common polygenic CVDs.
Extends genomic insights for CVD nursing practice; leaves open evidence-based testing protocols for most conditions.
PURPOSE: This article provides an update on cardiovascular genomics using three clinically relevant exemplars, including myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and sudden cardiac death (SCD). ORGANIZATIONAL CONSTRUCT: Recent advances in cardiovascular genomic research, testing, and clinical implications are presented. METHODS: Genomic nurse experts reviewed and summarized recent salient literature to provide updates on three selected cardiovascular genomic conditions. FINDINGS: Research is ongoing to discover comprehensive genetic markers contributing to many common forms of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including MI and stroke. However, genomic technologies are increasingly being used clinically, particularly in patients with long QT syndrome (LQTS) or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) who are at risk for SCD. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, there are no clinically recommended genetic tests for many common forms of CVD even though direct-to-consumer genetic tests are being marketed to healthcare providers and the general public. On the other hand, genetic testing for patients with certain single gene conditions, including channelopathies (e.g., LQTS) and cardiomyopathies (e.g., HCM), is recommended clinically. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Nurses play a pivotal role in cardiogenetics and are actively engaged in direct clinical care of patients and families with a wide variety of heritable conditions. It is important for nurses to understand current development of cardiovascular genomics and be prepared to translate the new genomic knowledge into practice.
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Wung et al. (2013) conducted a review in Cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, stroke, sudden cardiac death). Cardiovascular genetic testing was evaluated. Genetic testing is clinically recommended for certain single gene conditions like long QT syndrome and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but not for common forms of cardiovascular disease.
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