Key result
High-intensity interval training significantly reduced systolic blood pressure by 3.8±2.8 mmHg (P=0.002) and diastolic blood pressure by 2.9±2.2 mmHg (P=0.002) in pre-hypertensive young adults.
Why the study?
The efficacy of different types of aerobic exercise training among pre-hypertensive young adults has not been well-established.
Does high-intensity interval training or continuous moderate-intensity training reduce blood pressure in physically inactive pre-hypertensive young adults?
RCT (n=32)
randomly assigned
Does high-intensity interval training or continuous moderate-intensity training reduce blood pressure in physically inactive pre-hypertensive young adults?
Absolute Event Rate: 3.8% vs -0.4%
p-value: p=0.002
Both HIIT and CMT effectively lower systolic blood pressure in physically inactive pre-hypertensive young adults, but HIIT provides additional benefits by also reducing diastolic and mean arterial pressure.
Optimal AET type remains unclear in pre-hypertensive young adults; leaves open comparative efficacy of HIIT versus moderate training.
The likelihood of pre-hypertensive young adults developing hypertension has been steadily increasing over the past few years. Despite the fact that aerobic exercise training (AET) has demonstrated positive results in lowering high blood pressure, the efficacy of different types of AET among pre-hypertensive young adults has not been well-established. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (CMT) on blood pressure (BP) of physically inactive pre-hypertensive young adults. 32 adults (age 20.0±1.1 years and BMI 21.5±1.8) were randomly assigned into 3 groups: HIIT, CMT and control (CON). HIIT and CMT groups participated in 5 weeks of AET; while the CON group followed a DASH diet plan only. The HIIT protocol consisted of 1:4 minute work to rest ratio of participants 80%-85% heart rate reserve (HR-reserve) and 40%-60% HR-reserve respectively for 20-minutes, CMT group exercised at 40%-60% of HR-reserve continuously for 20-minutes. In both HIIT and CMT groups, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (3.8±2.8 mmHg, P=0.002 VS 1.6±1.5 mmHg, P=0.011) was significantly reduced. While, significant reductions in the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (2.9±2.2 mmHg, P=0.002) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (3.1±1.6mmHg, P<0.0005) were noted only in the HIIT group. No significant differences in SBP (-0.4±3.7 mmHg, P=0.718), DBP (0.4±3.4 mmHg, P=0.714), or MAP (0.1±2.5mmHg, P= 0.892) were observed in the CON group. Both HIIT and CMT decreased the BP in physically inactive pre-hypertensive young adults; however, HIIT yielded more beneficial results in terms of reducing the SPB, DBP and MAP.
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John et al. (2022) conducted an RCT in Pre-hypertension (n=32). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (CMT) vs. Control (DASH diet plan only) was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction (p=0.002). High-intensity interval training significantly reduced systolic blood pressure by 3.8±2.8 mmHg (P=0.002) and diastolic blood pressure by 2.9±2.2 mmHg (P=0.002) in pre-hypertensive young adults.
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