A Descriptive Analysis of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Drugs Dosing Errors Based on Spontaneous Reports from the EudraVigilance Database

Figure 1. Distribution of DOAC dosing errors reported in EV: (a) by category; (b) by drug.

Figure 2. Distribution of the three categories of dosing errors from the total reports.

Figure 3. Distribution of the fatal ADRs related to DOACs dosing errors.

Figure 4. Distribution of the “not recovered (NR)/not resolved (NS)” ADRs related to DOACs dosing errors.

Figure 5. Reporting odds ratio of ADRs referring to DOAC overdose: (a) dabigatran—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (b) rivaroxaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (c) apixaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (d) edoxaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs. ABC—abciximab; ACL—combination of acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel; ACE—acenocoumarol; API—apixaban; ARG—argatroban; BEM—bemiparin; BIV—bivalirudin; CER—certoparin; CIL—cilostazol; CLO—clopidogrel; DAB—dabigatran; DAL—dalteparin; DAN—danaparoid; DAS—combination of dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid; DIP—dipyridamole; EDO—edoxaban; ENO—enoxaparin; EPT—eptifibatide; FLU—fluindione; FON—fondaparinux; HEP—unfractionated heparin; LEP—lepirudin; NAD—nadroparin; PRA—prasugrel; RIV—rivaroxaban; TCL—ticagrelor; TIC—ticlopidine; TIN—tinzaparin; TIR—tirofiban; WAR—warfarin; * p <0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; p ≤ 0.001; **** p ≤ 0.0001.

Figure 6. Reporting odds ratio of ADRs referring to DOAC underdose: (a) dabigatran—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (b) rivaroxaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (c) apixaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (d) edoxaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs. ABC—abciximab; ACL—combination of acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel; ACE—acenocoumarol; API—apixaban; ARG—argatroban; BEM—bemiparin; BIV—bivalirudin; CER—certoparin; CIL—cilostazol; CLO—clopidogrel; DAB—dabigatran; DAL—dalteparin; DAN—danaparoid; DAS—combination of dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid; DIP—dipyridamole; EDO—edoxaban; ENO—enoxaparin; EPT—eptifibatide; FLU—fluindione; FON—fondaparinux; HEP—unfractionated heparin; LEP—lepirudin; NAD—nadroparin; PRA—prasugrel; RIV—rivaroxaban; TCL—ticagrelor; TIC—ticlopidine; TIN—tinzaparin; TIR—tirofiban; WAR—warfarin; * p <0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; p ≤ 0.001; **** p ≤ 0.0001.

Figure 7. Reporting odds ratio of ADRs referring to DOAC improper dose errors: (a) dabigatran—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (b) rivaroxaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (c) apixaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs; (d) edoxaban—AC and antiplatelet drugs. ACE—acenocoumarol; API—apixaban; BEM—bemiparin; CER—certoparin; CLO—clopidogrel; DAB—dabigatran; DAL—dalteparin; EDO—edoxaban; ENO—enoxaparin; FLU—fluindione; FON—fondaparinux; HEP—unfractionated heparin; NAD—nadroparin; PRA—prasugrel; RIV—rivaroxaban; TIC—ticlopidine; TIN—tinzaparin; WAR—warfarin; * p <0.05; ** p ≤ 0.01; p ≤ 0.001; **** p ≤ 0.0001.