Augmented interleukin‐1 production and hla–dr expression in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients

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Potent interleukin-1 (IL-1) activity was detected in culture supernatants from synovium, obtained by arthroscopy, from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients but not from non-RA patients. Production of IL-1 by RA synovium correlated well with findings of inflammation on arthroscopy and HLA-DR expression in immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between IL-1 production from RA synovium and joint changes detected on roentgenograms. These findings strongly suggest that IL-1 might play an important role in the joint destruction in RA.