Rationale and Design of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Outcome Trial of Ivabradine in Chronic Heart Failure: The Systolic Heart Failure Treatment with the If Inhibitor Ivabradine Trial (SHIFT)

Approximately 6500 patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure (NYHA class II-IV), left-ventricular ejection fraction <=35%, a prior hospitalization for worsening heart failure within the previous 12 months, and resting heart rate at baseline >=70 b.p.m.

Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy for chronic heart failure, including a beta-blocker at optimized dose

Placebo added to guidelines-based therapy for chronic heart failure, including a beta-blocker at optimized dose

Composite of the time to first event of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for worsening heart failurecomposite