Doxorubicin can cause systemic hypersensitivity reactions presenting as urticarial rash and pruritus, which are generally not life-threatening and respond to antihistamines and corticosteroids.
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Alerts clinicians to possible manageable doxorubicin hypersensitivity; leaves open incidence, risk factors, and optimal strategies pending larger studies.
An uncommon side effect of the anthracycline antibiotics is allergic reactions. We report three patients treated with doxorubicin hydrochloride who developed systemic hypersensitivity reactions to the drug. In all three cases, the onset of the reaction coincided with the initiation of the doxorubicin, and was confirmed by rechallenge with the drug. An urticarial rash with pruritus was the primary clinical manifestation seen in all cases. All reactions responded to treatment with diphenhydramine, or diphenhydramine and hydrocortisone. None of the reactions were life-threatening or required hospitalization of the patient. In two patients, use of the drug was discontinued because of the reaction. Pretreatment with diphenhydramine, prednisone, and cimetidine may have reduced the severity of the reaction in one patient.
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Solimando et al. (1984) studied this question.
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