Why the study?
Because of the lack of a simple and robust human norovirus cell culture system surrogate, rhesus enteric caliciviruses were used to study enteric calicivirus host cell interactions.
The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) was identified as a required host factor for rhesus enteric calicivirus infection, providing a potential model for human norovirus research.
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Extends ReCV surrogate utility for calicivirus entry studies; leaves open HuNoV therapeutic translation.
Because of the lack of a simple and robust human norovirus (HuNoV) cell culture system surrogate, caliciviruses still represent valuable research tools for norovirus research. Due to their remarkable biological similarities to HuNoVs, including the utilization of HBGAs as putative attachment receptors, we used rhesus enteric caliciviruses (ReCVs) to study enteric calicivirus host cell interactions. Using CRISPR/Cas9 library screening and functional assays, we identified and validated the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) as a functional proteinaceous receptor for ReCVs. Our work demonstrated that CAR and HBGAs both are necessary to convert a nonsusceptible cell line to being susceptible to ReCV infection. Follow-up studies to evaluate the involvement of CAR in HuNoV infections are ongoing.
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Farkas et al. (2019) studied this question.
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