Population
212 hospitalized heart failure patients, comprising newly diagnosed HF (n=64) and chronic HF (n=148)
Design
Cross-sectional
Authors
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Similar pre-admission delays in new and chronic HF support universal symptom education; cross-sectional data leave open tailored interventions by disease stage.
Patients with both new and chronic heart failure experience significant delays before hospitalization, highlighting the need for better symptom recognition and prompt reporting to healthcare providers.
Friedman et al. (2008) studied this question.