Role of ARP2/3 Complex-Driven Actin Polymerization in RSV Infection

Figures

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  Figure 1. Actin polymerization. (A) Spontaneous actin polymerization. Globular actins (G-actin) form follicular actin (F-actin) nucleus (shown as pointed end). Spontaneous addition of G-actin elongates F-actin at the barbed end. (B) Facilitated actin polymerization. ARP2/3 complex, a seven-protein complex, consists of ARP2, ARP3, ARPC1, ARPC2, ARPC3, ARPC4, and ARPC5. ARP2/3 complex involves branched actin polymerization [22].

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  Figure 2. A pictogram of a replicative cycle of RSV. Different steps of RSV replicative cycle (including potential actin involvement) are indicated chronologically.

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  Figure 3. Filopodia-driven RSV cell-to-cell spread. Human lung airway epithelial cell line, A549 cells, were infected with RSV wild type (RSV-WT) (Strain A) at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 for 24 h. The infected cells were then fixed, permeabilized, and stained for RSV fusion (F) protein using antibody specific to F. F-actin and the nucleus were stained with rhodamine phalloidin and DAPI, respectively. The image was taken under a stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope (Leica Microsystem) [41,42].